Thursday 18 August 2011

syllabus




ADVANCED MATHEMATICS (Optimization Techniques)
Course Code : MA 503
Credits : 4
L T P :4 0 0
Linear programming problem, Simplex method (5)
Artificial variables and dual phase method (4)
Non-linear programming problems, unconstrained extremal problems, Necessary and sufficient conditions for extrema, Fibonacci and Golden search methods
(6)
Gradient methods
(6)
Direct search methods
(4)
Constrained extremal problems, Equality constraints, Jacobian and Lagrangean methods
(4)
Inequality constraints, extension of Lagrangean method, the Kuhn -Tucker conditions
(5)
Direct search methods
(3)
Separable, Quadratic, Geometric programming and Linear combination method (8)
REFERENCES:
1. Operations Research, Ravindran, Phillips and Solberg, 2nd edition 2000, John Wiley and Sons.
2. Numerical Methods for Engineers, Chapra and Canale, 4th edition, 2005, Tata Mc Graw Hill.



MASTERS IN ENGINEERING INDUSTRIAL DESIGN ENGINEERING @ PUNJAB ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHANDIGARH

Tuesday 16 August 2011

History of Design Education, Institutions School in INDIA

History of Design Education in India

Major landmarks:





1840's
The first Art Schools in the country came up in the 1800's - Bombay Art School (1857)(now known as Sir J J School of Arts); M S U, School of Arts, Baroda(1887); College of Arts, Kolkatta (1884), etc. The schools in addition to academic programs in fine art, included courses in pottery, tile making, metal crafts, etc.
Later on in the 1950's, these institutes started the program in Graphic Design (named Commercial/Applied Arts) catering to the media and publishing industry in the country.


Tagore drawn by Satyajit Ray

1913
Kala Bhavana, the Art College was conceived as part of Shantiniketan - an university set up by the Tagore family. The school also has Silpa Sadana - a centre for Rural Craft, Technology and Design.

1922
Rabindranath Tagore visits Bauhaus school at Weimar, Germany in 1921. Meets with Paul Klee, Walter Gropious and others. Invites them to send an exhibition to India.
In 1922 the Bauhaus exhibition was brought to Calcutta and exhibited at the Indian Society for Oriental Arts in Kolkata - works by Klee Itten, Kandinsky and their students were exhibited. Rabindranath Tagore knew the significance of Bauhaus.

Ray and Charles Eames
1958
Charles and Ray Eames invited by the government of India to make recommendations for a training programme to support small industries. They went around the country talking to experts and observing centres of crafts and studying the local industry. Their recommendations resulted in the 'India Design Report'
(pdf version)(from NID Wesite).






1960
Based on the report by Charles and Ray Eames the government of India set up 'The National Institute of Design' in Ahmedabad.
The school started with programs in basic Design and a few years later with programmes in Industrial Design and Visual Communication.





1962-70
NID invited many well known designers to its campus. Many of them spent significant time at the school teaching and designing - Adrian Fruitiger (Typeface and typography), .



1969
Industrial Design was set up by the Government of India under the auspices of the Indian institute of technology Bombay.
IDC at IIT Bombay initiated the post graduate programme in Industrial Design.








1982-85
Under the United Nations Development Programme, Industrial Design Centre invited Design Educators such as - Gui Bonsippe, Kohie Sugiura (teachers at the Ulm School in Germany), Arthur Pulos and (from USA), Ettore Sotsass (From Itlay) and others.
They spent 1 to 6 months interacting, teaching and doing design projects at IDC, IIT Bombay. Under the program, the faculty at IDC traveled internationally interacting with other educators and practitioners.
These interactions and experiences led to a very strong methodology based, user centered and context oriented design philosophy at this school that the industry was able to appreciate.



1985
The model of education at IDC, IIT Bombay was adopted by other IIT's and the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore. These institutes started offering post graduate studies in Product Design - IIT Delhi (1985), IISc Bangalore (1990), IIT Kanpur (2004).




1987
The Ministry of Textiles set up the National Institute of Fashion Technology in Delhi. The school started programs in Fashion, Accessories and Lifestyle products catering to the needs of the fashion industry in India.
In the 90's NIFT opened centres in other parts of the country - Ahmedabad, Chennai, Mumbai, Banglaore, Hyderabad, Kanpur, etc.



1997
The newly formed Indian Institute of Technology at IIT Gawahati with the support of the Industrial Design Centre at IIT Bombay introduced a full fledged Department of Design (DoD) with B Des, M Des and Doctoral Degrees.





1998
The Ministry of Crafts initiated the 'Craft Institute of India' at Jaipur with assistance from the National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad. The institute offers a program in Craft and Design.





1999
Late nineties (coinciding with the market reforms and opening up of the Indian economy) saw the start of the private design schools in India:

Sristi Design School in Bangalore (1999)

Symbiosis Design School, in Pune (2004)

IILM School of Design, Gurgoan (2004)

Maeer's MIT Institute of Design, Pune (2005)

Raffles School of Design, Mumbai (2005)

DJ Academy of Design, Coimbature (2005)

Design Institute of India, Indore (2008)

DSK International Institute of Design, Pune (2008)





Seminars and Roundtables on 'Design Education in India':

1979
UNIDO-ICSID-INDIA meet on 'Design for Development' at NID, Ahmedabad and at IIT Bombay

1994
Seminar 'Design Education: Ulm and After' conducted by the Industrial Design Centre at IIT Bombay

2002
Seminar 'Design Education: Tradition and Modernity - DETM' conducted by the National Institute of Design at Ahmedabad

2006
Industry-Academia Roundtables and Feedback on 'Interaction Design and Animation Design'
curriculum development held at the Industrial Design Centre, IIT Bombay.


2007
'National Graphic Design Educational Meet' held during the event 'Icograda Design Week in India' at IDC, IIT Bombay to formulate recom
mendations for the future of Graphic and Communication Design Education in the country.





Publications concerned with 'Design Education in India':

'India Design Report', written by Charles Eames, Published by the National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad, 1958 (available for reference in libraries at IDC, IIT Bombay and NID, Ahmedabad) (pdf version).

'A Decade of Design Experience', Published by Industrial Design Centre at IIT Bombay, 1979 (available for reference in libraries at IDC, IIT Bombay and NID, Ahmedabad).

'Design as a Strategy for a Developing Economy', Working papers prepared for the Department of Education, Ministry of Human Resources, written by Industrial Design Centre at IIT Bombay, 1989 (available for reference in library at IDC, IIT Bombay).

Seminar Proceedings of 'Ulm and After', Published by Industrial Design Centre at IIT Bombay, 1991 (Available for reference in libraries at IDC, IIT Bombay and NID, Ahmedabad).

Seminar Proceedings of 'Design Education: Tradition and Modernity - DETM', Published by the National Institute of Design, 2008 (Available for reference in libraries at IDC, IIT Bombay and NID, Ahmedabad).

'National Graphic Design Educational Meet' was held during the event 'Icograda Design Week in India' at IDC, IIT Bombay to formulate recommendations for the future of Graphic Design Education in the country. (Available for reference in library at IDC, IIT Bombay).



MASTERS IN ENGINEERING INDUSTRIAL DESIGN ENGINEERING @ PUNJAB ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHANDIGARH :)

Design Science

The term design science was introduced in 1963 by R Buckminster Fuller (Fuller and McHale 1963) who defined it as a systematic form of designing. Design science was taken up in Gregory’s 1966 book of the 1965 Design Methods conference (Gregory 1966) where he drew the distinction between “design as a science” and the “science of design”. Gregory was clear in his view that design was not a science and that design science referred to the scientific study of design. Hebert Simon in his 1968 Karl Taylor Compton lecture (Simon 1996) used and popularized these terms in his argument for the scientific study of the artificial (as opposed to the natural). Over the intervening period the two terms have co-mingled to the point where design science has come to have both meanings, with the meaning of scientific study of design predominating.

Difference between a Technologist and an Engineer

An engineering technologist, is a specialist devoted to the implementation of existing technology within a field of engineering. Technologists often work with engineers in a wide variety of projects by applying basic engineering principles and technical skills. The work of technologists is usually focused on the portion of the technological spectrum closest to product improvement, manufacturing, construction, and engineering operational functions.

Nature of work

Technologists are employed in a large and wide-array of industries, including manufacturing, construction, industrial, maintenance, and management. They may be hired as managers of technology, depending on the technologist's educational emphasis on management preparation. Entry-level positions such as product design, testing, development, systems development, field engineering, technical operations, and quality control are all common positions for engineering technology graduates.

In general, the work of engineering technologists focuses on the applied and practical application of engineering principles, whereas the work of engineers emphasizes the theoretical aspects of mathematical, scientific and engineering principles. The National Society of Professional Engineers describes the difference between engineering and engineering technology:

"The distinction between engineering and engineering technology emanates primarily from differences in their educational programs. Engineering programs are geared toward development of conceptual skills, and consist of a sequence of engineering fundamentals and design courses, built on a foundation of complex mathematics and science courses. Engineering technology programs are oriented toward application, and provide their students introductory mathematics and science courses, and only a qualitative introduction to engineering fundamentals. Thus, engineering programs provide their graduates a breadth and depth of knowledge that allows them to function as designers. Engineering technology programs prepare their graduates to apply others' designs."[1]

An engineer is a professional practitioner of engineering, concerned with applying scientific knowledge, mathematics and ingenuity to develop solutions for technical and practical problems. Engineers design materials, structures, machines and systems while considering the limitations imposed by practicality, safety and cost.[1][2] The word engineer is derived from the Latin root ingenium, meaning "cleverness".[3]

Engineers are grounded in applied sciences, and their work in research and development is distinct from the basic research focus of scientists.[2] The work of engineers forms the link between scientific discoveries and their subsequent applications to human needs.

Sunday 14 August 2011

The Difference Between Industrial Design And Design Engineering

Industrial Design (ID) is an applied art whereby the aesthetics and usability of products may be improved. Design aspects specified by the industrial designer may include the overall shape of the object, the location of details with respect to one another, colors, texture, sounds, and aspects concerning the use of the product ergonomics.

 Design Engineering (DE) is a discipline that creates and transforms ideas and concepts into a product definition that satisfies customer requirements.

The definitions of these two categories of design have a fundamental difference between them: ID is an applied art, whereas DE is a discipline. This means that industrial designers more often have more liberal control than design engineers to design everything that they or their customers like. This is due to the fact that design engineers have only one choice: make it work.

However, since the functions of each are often unclear, customers can easily be confused as to which one they need. Although, misunderstanding which one they need is almost inevitable because of a series of factors:
1. Each industrial designer or design engineer has greed to get the job, so they do not make it clear to the customer what their function is.
2. The customer looks for a “one stop shop”, so they want to accomplish everything in one shot, whereas they may need both an industrial designer and design engineer.
3. Designers believe to be something they are not. Some industrial designers believe to be design engineers as well, only to end up creating a product that is not functional or suitable for manufacturability. Whereas, some design engineers believe to be industrial designers as well, only to end up creating an ugly product that requires a three-armed person to use it.

It is both the industrial designers and design engineers’ job to educate customers. If we compare them with doctors, doctors have done a much better job in educating their customers (patients) about their specialization. You never have a cosmetic surgery doctor performing brain surgery (or vice versa) due to the differences in specializations (and liability). It is very clear on what one can and cannot do. Unfortunately, it is not as clear what one can and cannot do in ID and DE. Therefore, it is a big mess.

When I started in the plastics injection molding industry 26 years ago, I was fortunate to be taught then the difference between ID and DE. And so, as a design engineer, I have always been careful not to step into the ID area. My job is to design a working product and send that to an industrial designer to dress it up.

Having worked with different customers of different backgrounds, I realized that industrial designers and design engineers very rarely recommend that their customers see the other (unlike doctors do). This is a matter of pride and business. There is a fear that the customer will think one is incompetent or that the customer will finish the project with the other one, although unbeknown to the customer the other one is not the expert in both.

I consistently receive product designs from industrial designers, in which case 99% the parts are not ready for manufacturing. They most often times need a draft angle added in order to eject the part from the mold or a wall thickness increased to accommodate the material specification. Somebody has to spend the time to redesign the part, and that has to be paid for by the customer. Often times, the customer does not understand the need to redesign and the sequence of events to validate. This situation creates confusion, frustration, and mistakes.

When a customer pays for a design, they expect the design to be ready for manufacturing. However, many times customers find themselves paying more and waiting longer for product redesign so that it is suitable for manufacturing. Therefore, know the difference between industrial design and design engineering, and ensure you know which one you are dealing with.

List of industrial designers

The following industrial designers and product designers are among those who are noted for their accomplishments in industrial or product design, and/or who have made extraordinary contributions to industrial-design education or philosophy.

This list is categorized by the main design movements of the twentieth century. Please bear in mind that, although many industrial designers of this list followed many such trends, they are listed under the movement they are most associated with.

Arts and Crafts movement (1851-1914)

Art Nouveau (1870-1905)

Note - This category also includes preliminary work of the Wiener Werkstätte

De Stijl (1917-1928)

Bauhaus (1920-1930)

Art Deco & Streamline Moderne (1925-1950)

Late Modernism (1950-1975)

Pop (1960-1980)

Postmodernism (1980-)

To be classified

Journals

  1. International Journal of Design
  2. Industrial design
  3. Core 77: This is one of the best online resources for industrial designers. With news, information, pictures and links, you'll find lots of inspiration and advice.
  4. Yanko Design: In need of some inspiration? This site has it in abundance, with photos and articles about some of the most amazing product designs in the word today.
  5. Product Design Hub: Follow this blog to connect with your fellow designers and learn more about the profession.
  6. Industrial Design History: Read the latest news in industrial design while also learning about the history of the field from this blog.
  7. Industrial Design Served: You'll feel inspired after looking at all the photos on this blog, the latest in impressive industrial designs from some of the leading names in the field.
  8. CAD CAM News: You're bound to use CAD software at some point in your design career. Learn what's going on with it and how it's being used through this blog.
  9. Embody 3D: Read news, find links to great design projects and much more through this industrial design-focused blog.
  10. ID Tuts: While it could stand to be updated more often, this site is such a great resource it can't be excluded. On it, you'll find a number of different tutorials that can help you out as an industrial designer.
  11. Planet Industrial Design: This blog brings together the best news and articles from a wide range of design sites into one, easy-to-read place.
  12. Get It Made: If you've got a product you're dreaming up and want to see it get made, join up with this community and its inspirational blog.
  13. Industrial Design Sandbox: This blog is full of great reading material for designers, no matter what kind of products you want to make.
  14. IDSA News: Here you'll get access to the latest events and news coming from the Industrial Designers Society of America.

Product design



Product design is concerned with the efficient and effective generation and development of ideas through a process that leads to new products. Product designers conceptualize and evaluate ideas, making them tangible through products in a more systematic approach. Their role is to combine art, science and technology to create tangible three-dimensional goods. This evolving role has been facilitated by digital tools that allow designers to communicate, visualize and analyze ideas in a way that would have taken greater manpower in the past.  Product design is sometimes confused with industrial design, industrial design is concerned with the aspect of that process that brings that sort of artistic form and usability usually associated with craft design to that of mass produced goods .

What is Industrial Design ?

Industrial design is a combination of applied art and applied science, whereby the aesthetics, ergonomics and usability of products may be improved for marketability and production. The role of an industrial designer is to create and execute design solutions towards problems of form, usability, physical ergonomics, marketing, brand development and sales .
The term "industrial design" is often attributed to the designer Joseph Claude Sinel in 1919 (although he himself denied it in later interviews) but the discipline predates that by at least a decade. Its origins lay in the industrialization of consumer products. For instance the Deutscher Werkbund, founded in 1907 and a precursor to the Bauhaus, was a state-sponsored effort to integrate traditional crafts and industrial mass-production techniques, to put Germany on a competitive footing with England and the United States.

Introduction

Industrial Design Engineers is the online community place, where industrial designers from all over the world come together to socialize and to create, share and find useful resources.
                                                                                                          This blog was created by Students of  ME (Industrial Design )  Punjab Engineering College University of Technology (P.E.C) Chandigarh  Batch 2011.
                                                             The mission of Industrial Design Engineers is to maintain a friendly and inspirational social environment, where a wide range of inspirational resources are shared with pleasure. Industrial Design Engineers collects and archives the best resources to obtain different kind of design knowledge, experience and skills.
Industrial Design Engineers welcomes everyone to be part of this community. Enjoy!